Feb 16, 2012

Sheetflow season in review

Winter rains are vital for extending hydroperiod …

And therefore for also turning back the hands of the spring “wildfire severity” clock, but they are rarely enough to get sheetflow fully back up and flowing.

Tamiami sheetflow hasn't had
a flood year since 2005

You can see that in the hydrograph above.

Most of the bridges along Tamiami Trail are still flowing to some extent (although some are only stationary), but the marl prairies that lie adjacent to the strands and sloughs are pretty much dry. By definition, you can’t have sheetflow if the “sheet” of shallow yet continuous expanse of water is gone.


A quick gander at the calendar graph below shows that once every few decades sheetflow persists through spring. It happened to some extent during the El Niños of 1983 and 1998 and in full during the dry season of 1995, but those cases are the rare exception not the rule.

More often, by March, the swamp is almost completely dry.

This historical calendar matches the color-coding
used in the hydrograph above.

The swamp needs a regular regime of summer rains to sustain sheetflow.

But in truth not even they along are often enough either. Case in point is what happened this past year. Sheetflow didn’t rise to its peak until after the summer rains were done and a trifecta of stalled fronts (or whatever they were) dumped in short order over 9 inches of October rain on the swamp.


Since then sheetflow has slowly and steadily declined.

Yes, most of the bridges along Tamiami Trail are still flowing, but the prairies that lie adjacent to where they flow are now mostly dry.

US Geological Survey at work measuring flows
at Turner River in Big Cypress Nat'l Preserve
February 2012
Special thanks to the US Geological Survey, Ft Myers and Ft Lauderdale offices, in coordination with Everglades National Park and the US Army Corps of Engineers for teaming up over the decades to measure flow across the Tamiami Trail.

It’s among the best and longest running data sets in the swamp.


Collecting all that data has involved lots of people over the years.

Most recently that includes Jaclyn and Craig.

How can you measure sheetflow?

The US Geological Survey has been measuring
sheetflow along Tamiami Trail for over five decades.

Feb 15, 2012

Meteorologically joined at the hip?

South Florida has two distinct seasons (a wet and a dry) …

But could they be less separate than we might think?

The swamp had its first big dose
of dry season rain

Take for example last winter’s dry season:

The prevailing La Niña repressed dry season rains all winter long, but it was actually the early end to the wet season the previous fall that equally conspired to create the deep spring drought. Adding fuel the fire was the sputtering start to the start of the following wet season rains.


The summer rains sputtered to a start the previous year, too.

But thanks to a regular regime of El Niño fueled fronts, damp conditions lingered well into spring.

Can you see how the resurrection fern responded to the rain?

A wet October doesn’t guarantee a wildfire-free spring …

But throw in a few dry season rain storms and it just might.

South Florida Rainfall Summary

Record-low rainfall fell in January
Click here to read article 

Wetting front drops

Pond apple are still wet ...
but the cypress are starting to dry.

Feb 14, 2012

There is a time for every season

There’s a side of me that wishes the winter wouldn’t end.

Cypress without needles is arguably the swamps most scenic state.

Can you see the leading slash pine ...
and the five slash pine snags?

Then again, if they didn’t green out that would mean they were dead.

That would be even worse.


There is a time for every season in the swamp.

Sock merchants are busy!

Not that anyone has to run out
to buy socks ...

Feb 13, 2012

Warm socks for thermal shock

You know it’s cold in Naples, Florida …

If you wake up in the morning and decide it’s a thermal necessity to wear socks.

There haven't been so few cold nights since 1991

That hasn’t happened all that much this winter, but Sunday was one of them. I also wore long pants and long sleeves. By the end of the day, instead of watching the sun set, I sat in the car looking through the window instead. The wind was simply too brisk.

We’re a tough breed down on the peninsula state!


The official count (so far) is eleven.

That’s how many nights have dropped to 50° F or below. The previous winter (Nov 2010 – March 2011) we had 40 such nights and 41 the winter before (Nov 2009 – March 2010).


Green, blue and red points highlight
the nights that dropped below 50 degrees

By any measure (except Sunday),

This winter has been mild.